Egypt has ramped up military support for the Sudanese army against the RSF, emboldened in large part by Saudi Arabia’s confrontation with what it calls the “Abu Dhabi government militia,” and despite Cairo’s long-standing ties with MBZ.

The SDF militia faces a crucial four-day deadline to comply with Syria’s integration plan, as delays and external pressures raise the risk of renewed conflict.

A Saudi-Turkish-Egyptian alignment is taking shape as an emerging axis, seeking to translate coordination into concrete action on the ground.

The Syrian state has put forward an unexpected model in handling the file of dismantling the Syrian Democratic Force (SDF), which continues to stall the integration process by holding on to pressure cards against Damascus.

In a move widely seen as signaling the start of a new Middle Eastern chapter, Turkiye is seeking to join the Saudi-Pakistan Mutual Defense Agreement signed on September 17, 2025.