Libya’s new 4+4 agreement aims to end political division by unifying institutions and holding presidential and parliamentary elections within 24 months, but its success depends on overcoming political disagreements and ensuring implementation.

Libya’s political and human rights landscape has been gripped by outrage after authorities in the country’s east, controlled by Khalifa Haftar, announced the execution of a number of Libyan citizens.

El-Sisi’s meeting with Haftar and his three sons focused on Libya’s political and military future, Egypt’s regional interests, Turkiye and U.S. influence, Sudan, and preparations for a possible east-west power-sharing deal.

A draft UN report reviewed by Reuters found that Boeing 727 aircraft linked to a former U.S. military contractor's business network transported weapons, drones, mercenaries, and fighters to Darfur for the UAE-backed RSF militia.

Pakistan has joined efforts to mediate Libya’s political divide, but its success depends on securing consensus among Libyan factions and international stakeholders.