The joint initiative was announced during a high-level meeting hosted by the Nigerien capital, Niamey, on November 7, which brought together the defense ministers of the Sahel Alliance countries.

Equatorial Guinea’s escalating disputes with France over property, sovereignty, and historical grievances highlight Paris’s waning influence in Africa, as the country pivots toward Russia for military and strategic support amid rising popular and elite resentment.

On September 22, 2025, Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger announced their withdrawal from the International Criminal Court, calling the institution a tool of colonial oppression in the hands of imperial powers.

With measured and progressive steps, China is working to deepen its multi-dimensional cooperation in Libya, engaging both the internationally recognized government in the west and the eastern authorities aligned with coup leader Khalifa Haftar.

Senegal’s new authorities continue their efforts to break with the legacy of former president Macky Sall, particularly the pervasive corruption that has left deep political, economic, and social scars.