In a twist laden with irony, Morocco’s former higher-education minister Abdellatif Miraoui has re-emerged not in government but at the lectern of a French university, only weeks after leaving office.

A group of senior army officers in Gabon declared a coup last week, seizing control of the national television and announcing the end of the rule of President Ali Bongo, who won a third term in a disputed election on August 30.

The coup in Niger represents a blow in the back of France economically and politically, and therefore the reaction of Paris is likely to be the sharpest of all compared to its position on the coups in Mali, Burkina Faso, and Guinea.

Mali's constitutional referendum in June has the potential to transform the country's political climate following a military coup that deposed its President almost three years ago.

In recent years, serious violations and unacceptable behavior by Moroccans towards a group of French schools in Morocco have been documented, with no apparent oversight from the state.